No, The Leviathan Is Not A Crocodile

Tiamat Cylinder Seal

I have heard many pastors and church leaders attempt to link the leviathan with a real animal which could be recognized by humans. This idea that the Leviathan was a crocodile or similar creature is a very popular teaching. I can still recall being in youth group discussing the possible animals that could be the … Read more

Did Jesus or The New Testament Authors Quote from The Apocryphal Books?

Judith kills Holofernes (Book of Judith 13), published in 1877

TLDR Video Short Summary Update: This article was not intended to be a full-throated defense of the canonization of the apocryphal books because I do not personally believe that the entire collection should be canonized. However, due to the content of this post and the reason why most people are reading this, I will be … Read more

Why The Tower of Babel Was Problematic for the Gods

Cleve, Construction of the Tower of Babel

Biblical Account of the Tower of Babel Genesis 11:1-9 (NASB) 1 Now the whole earth used the same language and the same words. 2 It came about as they journeyed east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there. 3 They said to one another, “Come, let us make bricks and burn them thoroughly.” And … Read more

Does Biblical Archaeology Confirm Israel Conquering The Promised Land?

Canaanite Prisoners of War, Horemheb Tomb Relief 1400s BCE

Introduction Most fans of biblical archaeology are familiar with the 2001 work, “The Bible Unearthed”, by Israel Finkelstein & Neil Asher Silberman. This powerful work takes on the great task of examining and interpreting archaeological data from various locations and time periods familiar to the Old Testament. Both of the authors, Finkelstein and Silberman, are world … Read more

Does Hebrews 10:5 Misquote Psalm 40:6?

Papyrus 79, Hebrews 10

I learned a long time ago that the cross-reference in the margins of the average Bible was a helpful guide to understanding how the New Testament (NT) and the Old Testament (OT) relate to one another. Somewhere around 2009 I also made the realization that some of the OT references listed in the NT were … Read more

Exegetical Study of Amos 9:1-15 [The Destruction and Restoration of Israel]

Prophet Amos, old Russian Orthodox icon

Amos 9:1-15 (NRSV) Note: All quoted passages in paper will be from the NASB 1a I saw the Lord standing beside the altar, and he said: 1b Strike the capitals until the thresholds shake, and shatter them on the heads of all the people; 1c and those who are left I will kill with the … Read more